The
Unique Experiments on the Assessment of Accident Consequences at the Gas
Transport Systems.
A. I. Gritsenko and N. S. Belov, Gas Research
Institute, VNII-GAS, Razvilka,
Moscow Reg. 142717, RUSSIA; and V. N. Semenov and O. S. Sorokovikova, Nuclear
Safety Institute RAS (IBRAE-RAN), Bolshaya Tulskaya 52, Moscow, 113191, RUSSIA
Safety
of gas transport systems is a very complicated scientific and technological
problem. Transportation of natural and liquefied gases by pipelines brings more
dangerous and harmful factors for the biosphere. Emergency situations followed
by pipelines break-down are the most dangerous ones.
Development
of mathematical forecast models for assessment of accidents progression and
consequences is one of the main elements of works on safety analysis and risk
assessment. The critical step in development of such models is their validation
using the experimental material.
Full-scale
experiments have been conducted by the Russian Gas Research Institute (VNIIGAS)
for grounding of sizes of hazard zones in case of the severe accidents with the
gas pipelines. The source of emergency gas release was the working gas pipeline
with 1000 min diameter and 110 km length. This pipeline was used for
transportation of natural gas with significant amount of hydrogen sulphide
(H2S). During these experiments significant quantities of the gas including H2S
were released into the atmosphere and then concentrations of gas and H2S were
measured in the accident region.
The
results of these experiments are used for validation of atmospheric dispersion
models including the new Lagrangian trace stochastic model that takes into
account a wide range of meteorological factors. This model was developed as a
part of computer system for of decision-making support in case of accident
release of toxic gases into atmosphere at the enterprises of Russian gas
industry.
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