Approaches to Ecological Risk Assessment for Oil Exploitation in Western Siberia. S. A. Galchenko, V. I. Dmitruk, and S. G. Mironyuk, IndEcoExpert Ltd, Russia
Ecological risk assessment includes evaluation of accident and long time exposure from to linear (pipelines) and site units to oil field environment. Pipeline accident losses consist of human, ecological damage, property damage (oil / gas, pipe steel) and business interruption losses. The object of this work is carry out "fast model" to estimate ecological risks caused by accidents of pipelines in oil and gas fields. Ecological risk of oil spills is estimated as environmental damage per 1 km during 1 year for each unit of "oil collect net" at the oil field in consideration. Executed analysis of the failures reasons on oil pipelines on large oil and gas exploitation enterprises in Western Siberia has shown more than 80% of all failures occurred internal corrosion. So assessment of these accidents is predictable enough and depends on pipelines age and time of last diagnostics and repair work. The main factors of ecological risk are shown below: frequency factors (average accident frequency for each pipeline type which depends on sulfur and water concentration in oil, gas moisture, etc. and local coefficient of pipeline age); technological factors (pressure, diameter of pipe, rupture type and others); environmental factors (risk receptors near each part of pipes: water objects (including marsh, wetlands), soil, forest ecosystems) which were characterized by special taxes according Russian laws. The "synthesis" of these factors leads to integrated risk values. According the principles mentioned above specialists of IndEcoExpert Ltd., one of the main Russian ecological and industrial risk consultancy company, carried out software to determine ecological risks for oil pipelines accidents. The results are used in Risk Management Program to eliminate of oil exploitation companies financial losses.
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