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2005 News Archives Abstracts for EGU 2006 Session on "NATECH Disasters: When Natural Hazards Trigger Technological Disasters" Due January 13, 2006. The Natural and Environmental Disaster Information Exchange System project of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre in Ispra, Italy, is organizing a session on NATECH disasters in the frame of the Natural Hazards umbrella session of the European Geosciences Union General Assembly, EGU 2006, which will be held April 2-7, 2006, in Vienna, Austria. Read more. (posted 12/5/05) European Commission – Directorate General Health and Consumer Protection – Unit Risk Assessment. Three independent committees made up of external experts--the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP), the Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER), and the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly-Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR)--provide scientific advice that underpins the European Commission's proposals on measures and policies that may affect the health and safety of the citizens or may impact the environment. Read more. (posted 12/1/05) Comments Due December 16 for European Commission's Online Public Consultation on Risk Assessment Methods for Nanotechnologies. The independent experts of the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) recently adopted an opinion on "The Appropriateness of Existing Methodologies to Assess the Potential Risks Associated with Engineered and Adventitious Products of Nanotechnologies," the first of its kind ever produced on this subject (read the opinion in PDF). The commission invites interested stakeholders to submit their views on the opinion on line by Friday, December 16, 2005. More information is available here. (posted 12/1/05) Voluntary Children's Chemical Evaluation Program (VCCEP) To Webcast Peer Consultation Meeting on Xylenes. A panel of scientists with expertise in toxicity testing, risk assessment, exposure assessment, and children's health will meet on December 13-14, 2005, to conduct a peer consultation of a submission on xylenes (meta, ortho, para, and mixed) for the purpose of determining whether the existing data are adequate to characterize the risks of xylenes to children and, if not, to identify data needs. The American Chemistry Council Benzene, Toluene and Xylene (BTX) VCCEP Consortium prepared the submission for VCCEP. The meeting will be held at Northern Kentucky University Metropolitan Education and Training Services Center in Erlanger, Kentucky (close to the Cincinnati Airport) and is open for public observation, but those who cannot attend in person may observe the meeting via a real-time webcast. Register to attend the meeting or submit written technical comments for the panel and sponsors to consider by December 1. To participate in the webcast, follow these instructions to test your system's ability to view the webcast and to register to participate. Complete meeting information is available here. (Note: In addition, a VCCEP peer consultation for toluene has been scheduled tentatively for February 23-24, 2006, subject to change pending sponsor submission of the assessment document.) (posted 11/23/05) U.S. EPA Releases Data Needs Decisions on Six VCCEP Chemicals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has released its data needs decisions for six of the Voluntary Children's Chemical Evaluation Program (VCCEP) pilot chemicals: vinylidene chloride, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, decabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, and pentabromodiphenyl ether. The data needs decisions can be found on the U.S. EPA website at http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/vccep/. The Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment website also provides links to the U.S. EPA documents for each VCCEP chemical, as follows: vinylidene chloride, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, decabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, and pentabromodiphenyl ether. (posted 11/23/05) Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis in Social Sciences, a new refereed journal, has issued its first call for papers for its first issue, which will be published electronically in early 2006. The journal is seeking original research papers in the areas of business, economics, econometrics, and finance, which includes risk management. Read more. (posted 10/23/05) Hurricane Rita Threatens Texas Oil Refineries. With the nation already facing tight gasoline supplies, refineries along the Texas Gulf Coast are now at risk as Hurricane Rita strengthens over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Texas is home to 26 of the United States’ oil refineries, representing 27% of the nation’s refinery capacity on a volume basis, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (see data). Even before the recent spate of hurricanes along U.S. coast lines, the nation’s oil refineries were operating near maximum output, as depicted in the graph below. [Click on graph to view larger size.] The decline in excess capacity has occurred even as total operable capacity has risen in recent years, from 15 million barrels per day in early 1994 to more than 17 million barrels per day in the first half of 2005. Meanwhile, the total number of refineries operating in the United States has fallen more than 50% from 1981 through 2003. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, financial and legal issues have constrained the construction of new refineries in the United States. Risks of Hurricane Rita to the Texas oil refining industry include not only structural damage but also down time due to electric power outages. (posted 9/21/05)
Tropical Storm Ophelia Heads Out. At 9:00 AM, September 16, customers without power due to Ophelia’s fury totaled 9,656, but the storm is now moving northeastward at 8 miles per hour.The center of the storm was about 65 miles NE of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, with maximum sustained winds near 65 miles per hour. No significant additional rainfall accumulations are expected across eastern North Carolina or southeastern Virginia. (posted 9/16/05) Oil and Gas Production from Gulf of Mexico as of September 15 – According to the Minerals Management Service, the number of evacuated oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico due to Hurricane Katrina has been reduced from 645 platforms on August 31 to 84 on September 12. As a result, instead of having 1.4 million barrels of crude oil from the Gulf of Mexico shut in daily, only about 0.84 million barrels is shut in. The amount of natural gas shut in during the same period has been reduced from 8.8 billion cubic feet (Bcf) per day to 3.41 Bcf per day. This means that oil production from the Gulf is now at about 43.9% of pre-Katrina production and gas production is at about 65.9%. The cumulative loss in production between August 26 and September 12 was 21.4 million barrels of oil and 102.4 Bcf of natural gas. (posted 9/16/05) Status of LA and MS Oil Refineries as of September 16. – Of the 148 oil refineries in the United States, 17 are located in Louisiana and four are in Mississippi. As of January 1, 2005, the Louisiana refineries had 16% of the nation’s refining capacity and Mississippi had 2%. Together, the two states were processing over 3 million barrels of oil per calendar day (BCD), with Louisiana providing 2.8 million BCD. As of September 15, four refineries were still shut down because of wind and/or flood damage. The shut-down plants represent 879,000 BCD of capacity shut in. In a September 12 USA Today report (page 4B), Valero Energy CEO William Greehey, whose refineries came through with little damage, says the problem is no longer getting crude oil to the refineries or keeping pipelines for refined products running but rather getting refined products in the pipelines. “We’re dependent on gasoline imports, “ he said, “and the imports are going to have to come in.” The largest Louisiana refinery shut down is the ConocoPhillips refinery in Belle Chasse. Up to 700 ConocoPhillips employees and contract workers required to repair the Belle Chasse refinery will stay on the New York Maritime College’s training ship, the 565-foot Empire State VI, which should arrive in New Orleans on September 16. A list of all the Louisiana refineries with the status of each is as follows:
The ExxonMobil refinery in Baton Rouge is receiving up to 6 million barrels of oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Other refineries receiving SPR oil are the Placid Refining Co., in Port Allen, LA, and refineries located in Whiting, IN; Toledo, OH; Lima, OH; Memphis, TN; and Port Arthur, TX. Of Mississippi’s four refineries, a Chevron refinery is the largest and the only one shut down. On September 2, Chevron officials said the damage to the Pascagoula refinery was not catastrophic and that the company was trying to get its employees back on the job to assess the damage. After severe damage from Hurricane Georges in 1998, the company built a 5-mile-long dike 20 feet above sea level, which helped protect the plant from Katrina. In June the company announced a planned 25% expansion of the refinery. A list of all the Mississippi refineries is given below:
Oil and Gas Production from Gulf of Mexico on September 12. According to the Minerals Management Service, the number of evacuated oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico due to Hurricane Katrina has been reduced from 645 platforms on August 31 to 105 on September 12. As a result, instead of having 1.4 million barrels of crude oil from the Gulf of Mexico shut in daily, only about 0.86 million barrels is shut in. The amount of natural gas shut in during the same period has been reduced from 8.8 billion cubic feet (Bcf) per day to 3.78 Bcf per day. This means that oil production from the Gulf is now at about 42.6% of pre-Katrina production and gas production is at about 62.2%. The cumulative loss in production between August 26 and September 12 was 18.9 million barrels of oil and 91.8 Bcf of natural gas. (posted 9/13/05) Status of LA and MS Oil Refineries on September 12. Of the 148 oil refineries in the United States, 17 are located in Louisiana and four are in Mississippi. As of January 1, 2005, the Louisiana refineries had 16% of the nation’s refining capacity and Mississippi had 2%. Together, the two states were processing over 3 million barrels of oil per calendar day (BCD), with Louisiana providing 2.8 million BCD. (posted 9/13/05) As of September 12, five refineries representing 31% of the region’s refining capacity were still shut down because of wind and/or flood damage, plus two refineries were on reduced runs, and several had only recently restarted. In a September 12 USA Today report (page 4B), Valero Energy CEO William Greehey, whose refineries came through with little damage, says the problem is no longer getting crude oil to the refineries or keeping pipelines for refined products running but rather getting refined products in the pipelines. “We’re dependent on gasoline imports, “ he said, “and the imports are going to have to come in.” (posted 9/13/05) The largest Louisiana refinery shut down is the ConocoPhillips refinery in Belle Chasse. Up to 700 ConocoPhillips employees and contract workers required to repair the Belle Chasse refinery will stay on the New York Maritime College’s training ship, the 565-foot Empire State VI, which should arrive in New Orleans on September 16. (posted 9/13/05) A list of all the Louisiana refineries with the status of each is as follows:
The ExxonMobil refinery in Baton Rouge is receiving up to 6 million barrels of oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Other refineries receiving SPR oil are the Placid Refining Co., in Port Allen, LA, and refineries located in Whiting, IN; Toledo, OH; Lima, OH; Memphis, TN; and Port Arthur, TX. (posted 9/13/05) Of Mississippi’s four refineries, a Chevron refinery is the largest and the only one shut down. On September 2, Chevron officials said the damage to the Pascagoula refinery was not catastrophic and that the company was trying to get its employees back on the job to assess the damage. After severe damage from Hurricane Georges in 1998, the company built a 5-mile-long dike 20 feet above sea level, which helped protect the plant from Katrina. In June the company announced a planned 25% expansion of the refinery. (posted 9/13/05) A list of all the Mississippi refineries is given below:
Monthly Energy Outlook Examines Plausible Paths to Recovery from Hurricane Katrina's Disruption of Energy Market. In the monthly Short-Term Energy Outlook released September 7, the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration addresses the uncertainty regarding the extent of Hurricane Katrina's damage to offshore rigs, refineries, pipelines, and ports in the Gulf of Mexico by including three basic recovery scenarios to represent a range of plausible outcomes for oil and natural gas supply over the next several months and through 2006. The fast recovery scenario assumes a very favorable set of circumstances for getting supplies back to normal, the slow recovery scenario assumes that significant outages in oil and natural gas production and delivery from the Gulf area continue at least into November, and the medium recovery scenario assumes a path in between slow and fast recovery. Download the PDF version of the report, or go to the Short-Term Energy Outlook Web site. (Note: Excel spreadsheets that present selected details from the projections for all three recovery scenarios are now available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/steo/model/stem.html.) (posted 9/12/05) Oil and Gas Production from Gulf of Mexico Increasing. – According to the Minerals Management Service, the number of evacuated oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico due to Hurricane Katrina has been reduced from 645 platforms on August 31 to 192 on September 6. As a result, instead of having 1.4 million barrels of crude oil from the Gulf of Mexico shut in daily, only about 0.9 million barrels is shut in. The amount of natural gas shut in during the same period has been reduced from 8.8 billion cubic feet (Bcf) per day to 4.2 Bcf per day. This means that oil production from the Gulf is now at about 42% of pre-Katrina production and gas production is at about 58%. The cumulative loss in production through Tuesday at noon has been 12.7 million barrels of oil and 67.6 Bcf of natural gas. (posted 9/7/05) Pre-Katrina Oil Refinery Capacities. – Of the 148 oil refineries in the United States, 17 are located in Louisiana and four are in Mississippi. As of January 1, 2005, the Louisiana refineries had 16% of the nation’s refining capacity and Mississippi had 2%. Together, the two states were processing over 3 million barrels of oil per calendar day (BCD), with Louisiana providing 2.8 million BCD. Of Louisiana’s 17 refineries, the nine largest provided 85.9% of the state’s refining capacity:
Of Mississippi’s four refineries, one provided 89% of the state’s capacity:
(posted 9/7/05) Status Report on Louisiana and Mississippi Refineries, Sept. 7. – MarketWatch in San Francisco reported Tuesday that three Louisiana refineries had restarted: Marathon Ashland Petroleum, Garyville (245,000 BCD); Motiva Enterprises LLC, Convent (235,000 BCD); and Motiva Enterprises LLC, Norco (226,500 BCD). Mississippi’s giant Chevron plant at Pascagoula has not restarted. It was badly flooded and requires major repairs. With many of its personnel unaccounted for, Chevron said it was still unable to estimate when its biggest refinery would be back on line. Also still assessing damage before attempting to restart operations in Louisiana are Chalmette Refining, Chalmette (187,200 BCD) and ConocoPhillips, Belle Chasse (247,000 BCD). Valero Saint Charles Refinery, Norco (185,003 BCD) had its electrical power restored and expected to restart by the middle of the week. ExxonMobil, Baton Rouge (494,000 BCD) is ramping up operations this weekend. All told, 20 refineries have been completely or partially shut down, including some that were outside the Katrina damage area but affected by transportation disruptions. (posted 9/7/05) RiskWorld has based these September 7, 2005, news briefs on several sources (see list). (posted 9/7/05) No Damage Found to Land-Based Pipelines. The Association of Oil Pipelines reported yesterday that safety assessments were performed and no damage was found to the land-based oil pipelines impacted by Hurricane Katrina. The major crude oil and refined product pipelines that were unable to immediately come back on line after the storm are now transporting reduced volumes and will fully resume normal operation with the restoration of adequate electricity and volumes of product to transport. As of September 4, refined products pipelines Colonial and Plantation were operating at 73% and 95%, respectively; crude oil pipeline Capline was operating at 75%; and propane pipeline Dixie was operating at 50% (see full report). (posted 9/5/05) Adequate Gasoline Supplies Not Yet Assured. Two crucial pipelines for petroleum products, including gasoline, diesel fuel, home heating oil, and aviation and military fuels, are restoring their services faster than was expected after being shut down due to power outages caused by Hurricane Katrina. Colonial Pipeline, which delivers an average of 100 million gallons of products per day over a 5,500 mile pipeline from Houston to the New York Harbor, announced on Friday (September 2) that it was flowing at 70% of capacity and expected to be at 86% by the end of the weekend. The Plantation Pipeline, which delivers over 600,000 barrels per day over a 3,100-mile pipeline from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Washington, D.C., said that it was at 95% of capacity on Friday. Thus, their performances will be limited only by the volumes of products they receive from refineries. ExxonMobil, whose second largest U.S. refinery is located in Baton Rouge, announced that it will be increasing the production of gasoline and other fuel products over the next several days and will ramp up production as the supply of crude increases. The U.S. Department of Energy has approved ExxonMobil’s request for a loan of up to 6 million barrels of oil from the nation’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve. ExxonMobil is making branded fuel available to its independent retailers and distributors at wholesale prices below the spot market and NYMEX gasoline prices. Adequate refinery production of gasoline and other products is still in question, however. Hurricane Katrina shut down eight major refineries in Louisiana and Mississippi, and others are running below capacity—to the extent that the U.S. has lost production of about 42 million gallons of gasoline per day. Also, the supply of crude oil to the refineries is in question. Crude production was down 90% on Thursday (September 1), largely due to damaged offshore rigs and platforms. Katrina damaged 12 rigs, of which 5 were destroyed. It also damaged at least 30 (maybe as many as 58) offshore platforms, 18 of which have been confirmed as total losses. Still unknown is whether the underwater pipelines connecting the offshore platforms to shore have been damaged. RiskWorld is providing several links to articles that give more detailed descriptions of the situation. (posted 9/3/05) Model for Estimating Exposures and Risks to Birds and Mammals Now on Web. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is making available on its Web site the Terrestrial Residue Exposure (T-REX) Model, which automates the calculations needed for estimating pesticide residues on foliage, seeds, and fields and the potential acute and chronic risks to birds and mammals based on these exposures. T-REX is easy to use yet maintains the level of flexibility needed for the multitude of chemicals and use patterns encountered by risk assessors. Replacing the agency's previous terrestrial residues and risk calculation tools, this spreadsheet-based model allows the user to calculate dose- and dietary-based risk quotients, loadings or pesticide per unit area (LD50ft-2) for broadcast and banded (liquid and granular) pesticide applications, and seed treatment exposures to birds and mammals. Risk quotients (a prediction of risk) are calculated by dividing the estimated exposure to a pesticide by an effects or toxicity endpoint such as an LC50 (the concentration of a chemical where 50% of the exposed organisms die). The results are then presented by weight class for various size birds and mammals for each type of pesticide application. Links to the model's spreadsheet file and user's guide are available at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terrestrial/index.htm. (posted 9/2/05) Entergy Reports on Katrina Power Outage. Entergy Corporation, which supplies electricity to 2.7 million utility customers in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, reported this morning (September 2) that slightly more than 728,000 customers are without electrical service, down from nearly 1.1 million customers on Tuesday, August 30. Entergy’s transmission system had 92 lines and 99 substations out of service at 9 PM, Wednesday, September 1, throughout Louisiana and Mississippi. The corporation has established a fund to help customers and employees who were impacted by Hurricane Katrina. Called the Power of Hope, the fund will be used to help disaster victims rebuild their lives in the aftermath of the storm. Entergy Corporation will launch the fund with a corporate contribution of $1 million. (See
news release.)
Overview of U.S. Legislation and Regulations Affecting Offshore Natural Gas and Oil Activity, an article released today by the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration, summarizes the legislative and regulatory framework affecting natural gas and oil activity in U.S. offshore regions. It discusses the role and importance of these areas as well as the competing interests surrounding ownership, production, exploration, and conservation. Data and examples show why the offshore regions are important in the United States. Download the PDF version of this article. (posted 9/1/05) News Stories Update Impact of Katrina on U.S. Oil and Gas Energy Sources. Publications across the country are predicting the impact of Katrina as the latest information becomes available on oil and gas supplies from Louisiana. Apparently as of today (September 1), the Colonial Pipeline has been at least partially restored so that gasoline and other petrofuels can again flow through it, but many Gulf refineries that input the fuel are still out of commission. And the flow of crude from oil wells to the refineries has been totally disrupted, as have imports through the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port. Even when the refineries get back on line, they cannot produce more than they had been since they were already operating at over 97% capacity. RiskWorld is providing several links to articles that give more detailed descriptions of the situation. (posted 9/1/05) Katrina Has Large Impact on U.S. Oil and Natural Gas Production. The Energy Information Administration reported on Tuesday, August 30, that Hurricane Katrina had reduced oil production from the Gulf of Mexico by over 1.4 million barrels per day and gas production by 8.8 billion cubic feet per day. The evacuation of 645 platforms and 90 rigs represented 78.15% of 819 manned platforms and 67.15% of 137 rigs currently operating in the Gulf. (See http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/special/eia1_katrina.html and http://www.mms.gov/ooc/press/2005/press0830.htm.) (posted 8/31/05) Katrina Causes Multiple Energy Delivery Problems. Some 2.26 million customers in four states were without power on August 31 due to Katrina’s impact. Electricity outages are a major issue in the restoration of the Colonial Pipeline and the Plantation Pipeline, which provide the majority of gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel to the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic, and Northeast states. (See http://www.ea.doe.gov/hurricanes.html.) (posted 8/31/05) Applications Due January 10 for AAAS Energy, Environment, and Natural Resources Fellowships. Postdoctoral to mid-career scientists and engineers are invited to apply for the American Association for the Advancement of Science's Energy, Environment, and Natural Resources Program, which will begin in September 2006. Read more. (posted 8/18/05) Sustainable Energy Consumption and Society: Personal, Technological, or Social Change?, by David L. Goldblatt (Volume 7 of Springer's Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries), combines social science, energy analysis, and risk communication in a multidisciplinary study of interventions that support sustainable energy consumption. Read more. (posted 8/18/05) George Gray Nominated Assistant Administrator of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. President George Bush has nominated George M. Gray, currently the executive director of the Center for Risk Analysis and a faculty member at the Harvard University School of Public Health, Massachusetts, to be the assistant administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. See the Center for Regulatory Effectiveness article commending the president's choice. (posted 8/2/05) Sittig’s Handbook of Pesticides and Agricultural Chemicals, a 1,200-page reference by Stanley A. Greene and Richard P. Pohanish, provides critical chemical, regulatory, health and safety information for over 800 agricultural chemicals. It is an important reference for everyone who is concerned with exposure to these types of chemicals, from first responders to food processors, from farmers to regulators, from the private sector to the public. This volume is available with free shipping through Amazon. (posted 5/17/05) Corporate Pandemic Planning and Preparedness: What Is, and Is Not, Being Done?, a web-based teleconference, will be held from 12 noon to 1:30 PM, Eastern Daylight Time, on Tuesday, May 10, featuring discussion of current steps by global companies to prepare for the possible emergence of pandemic influenza in Southeast Asia and the challenges facing corporate medical directors, human resource professionals, and operational and strategic planners in attempting to incorporate the growing possibility of a pandemic into their planning and preparedness efforts. Bio Economic Research Associates (bio-era™ ), a provider of independent research and advisory services on the economic and societal impacts of human-induced change to biological systems, is hosting this event (posted 5/6/05). Critical Thinking on Risk and the Environment, the April 2005 issue of Fraser Forum, a monthly review of public policy in Canada, features "Ornamental Pesticide Bans Spreading," by Kenneth Green; "Is the Climate Really Changing Abnormally?", by Ross McKittrick; "Popper, Hayek, & Environmental Regulation," by Julian Morris; "Travelling the Environmental Kuznets Curve," by Jeremy Brown; "A Fresh Approach to Parks Management," by Sylvia LeRoy; an interview with interview with Bjørn Lomborg, author of The Skeptical Environmentalist and Global Crises, Global Solutions; and more. The on-line table of contents provides access to the full issue. (posted 4/13/05) Funds Available Through New CARE Program. Applications are due no later than May 20, 2005, for funds available through a new grant program to help communities understand and reduce the risk of exposure to toxic chemicals. The Community Action for a Renewed Environment (CARE) program is a community-based, community-driven, multi-media demonstration program. Through CARE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is offering financial and technical assistance to help communities understand and reduce risks caused by toxics from multiple sources. The program will award $1.65 million in grant money through two levels of funding. Under Level I, communities will receive approximately $75,000 to establish collaborative partnerships and set priorities for reducing toxic risks in their local areas. Level II offers approximately $300,000 to communities that already have a broad-based collaborative partnership, have identified priorities, and are ready to implement risk reduction strategies. A total of 10 projects will be funded nationally in fiscal year 2005. For more information about CARE or to obtain an application, visit http://cfpub.epa.gov/care/. (posted 4/1/05) Nuclear Science: Rewards and Risks, a four-part radio documentary series broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation World Service, takes an in-depth look at the use of nuclear science for healthcare, farming, food, and energy in the 21st century. These reports by Susie Emmett are available for listening on line. (posted 3/22/05) Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion, a new report from the National Academies' National Research Council, will be discussed at a one-hour public briefing that will be webcast at 2:00 PM, Eastern Standard Time, on Tuesday, January 11, 2005. The report assesses the possible adverse health effects of perchlorate, a chemical used in rocket fuel and fireworks that has been found in drinking water supplies across the nation. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently assessing the need for a standard for allowable amounts of this substance in drinking water. Read a news release about the report and the full report. Background information on the Committee to Assess the Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion is available here. (posted 1/10/05) The U.S. Delegation to the International Conference on the 20th Anniversary of the Bhopal Tragedy, which was held in December 2004 in Kanpur, India, presented two papers: "The Post-Bhopal and Post-9/11 Transformations in Chemical Emergency Prevention and Response Policy in the United States," by James C. Belke and Deborah Y. Dietrich of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and "The Role of Local Communities in Chemical Accident Prevention and Preparedness," by Timothy R. Gablehouse of the Colorado Emergency Planning Commission. See links to the full papers. (posted 1/10/05) Back to RiskWorld's News Article Archives main pageBack to RiskWorld's homepageCopyright © 1999-2006 by Tec-Com Inc.
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